Urinary tract infection undersatnding causes symptoms diagnosis and treatments for UTI

The excretory system in human is composed of a pair of kidneys, pair of ureters, a bladder, two sphincter muscles and urethra. The important function of this system is to form and expel out the waste nitrogenous material in the form of urine. This process goes smoothly unless it gets disturbed by infection caused by bacteria. An infection of any part of urinary system is termed as urinary tract infection. Symptoms of urinary tract infection or bladder infection include an urgency to urinate, burning sensation, less urine, frequent urination, blood in urine, cloudy urine, back pain, chills, fever, nausea and vomiting. It is very important to diagnose urinary tract infection because urinary tract infection symptoms can be caused because of vaginal infection.

Normally urinary tract infection caused by bacterial infection of E.coli. This bacteria is usually harmless but can cause infection when get in touch with any part of urinary tract. Normally the urine is sterile but when the bacteria come in contact with urethra they multiply and cause urinary tract infection. Another cause of urinary tract infection is sexual intercourse. Women are more susceptible to urinary tract infection as the length of urethra is short in women. It can also be caused by absence of hygiene. In elderly men, the most common cause of bladder infection is enlargement of prostate gland. It can be caused because of the urinary catheters.

which is a tube inserted in the bladder of the patients via urethra. The other causes include hereditary for bladder infection, diabetes, sickle-cell disease etc.

There are three types of urinary tract infection which are

• Urethritis: Infection of urethra.
• Cystitis: Infection of the bladder.
• Pyelonephritis: Infection of kidneys.

Urinary tract infection can be diagnosed with the help of some urine tests, ultrasound tests, x-rays, voiding cystourethrogram- x-ray of the bladder and urethra, intravenous pylelogram – x-ray of kidneys, cystoscopy and blood culture. Urinary tract infection can be treated with the help of home remedies or antibiotics. In women the treatment for the infection of urethra last for about5 to 7 days with a single antibiotic. In male, the treatment for urinary tract infection is for 14 days and if the prostate is the cause then it may last for 4 weeks or more. The kidney infection can be treated with the help of antibiotics injections and also tablet form for 8 to 10 days.

Hospitalization may required if the patient is pregnant, or having kidney stone, having urinary catheter, having nausea or vomiting. Home remedies or natural remedies are very useful in treating urinary tract infection. These are as follows:

• Drink plenty of water.
• Fresh cranberry juice helps to relieved from bladder infection.
• Add half teaspoon of baking soda in a glass of water and drink it.

It is also important to make some healthy changes in our diet in order to prevent urinary tract infection. You should consume fresh juice of berries as a part of your daily diet. You should avoid irritant food like processed food, spicy food, carbonated drinks. These preventive measures will surely help you to keep urinary tract infection away from you.